Skip to main content
Displaying 1 of 1
A defiant life : Thurgood Marshall and the persistence of racism in America
1998
Please select and request a specific volume by clicking one of the icons in the 'Find it! Availability' section below.
Find it! Availability
Annotations

An account of the struggles of a Supreme Court justice both on and off the bench and his fight for racial equality - (Baker & Taylor)

An account of the struggles of a Supreme Court Justice both on and off the bench provides a compelling story of a life-long activist in the fight for racial equality and is based on unprecedented access to volumes of unpublished material. 15,000 first printing. - (Baker & Taylor)

Author Biography

Howard Ball, professor of political science and University Scholar at the University of Vermont, is a leading expert on the U.S. Supreme Court. He is the author of eighteen previous books and dozens of articles in leading political science journals and law reviews. He lives in Richmond, Vermont, with his wife, Carol, their dogs, Max and Casey, and a quarterhorse named Stormin' Norman. Their three daughters, Melissa, Sheryl, and Sue, visit on occasion. - (Random House, Inc.)

Flap Cover Text

shall's extraordinary contribution to civil rights and overcoming racism is more topical than ever, as the national debate on race and the overturning of affirmative action policies make headlines nationwide. Howard Ball, author of eighteen books on the Supreme Court and the federal judiciary, has done copious research for this incisive biography to present an authoritative portrait of Marshall the jurist.

Born to a middle-class black family in "Jim Crow" Baltimore at the turn of the century, Marshall's race informed his worldview from an early age. He was rejected by the University of Maryland Law School because of the color of his skin. He then attended Howard University's Law School, where his racial consciousness was awakened by the brilliant lawyer and activist Charlie Houston. Marshall suddenly knew what he wanted to be: a civil rights lawyer, one of Houston's "social engineers." As the chief attorney for the NAACP, he developed the strategy for the legal challen - (Random House, Inc.)

Large Cover Image
Trade Reviews

Booklist Reviews

/*Starred Review*/ Ball's excellent analysis of Thurgood Marshall's lifework is grounded in the social and political context of the time. He highlights Marshall's relationship with Charles Houston, William "Bill" Hasties, and other NAACP luminaries who laid the legal foundation for the modern civil rights movement. In his transition from Mr. Civil Rights to Supreme Court justice, Marshall had differences with the new guard (from the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee to the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr.), particularly with those who defied the law. Yet such differences did not prevent Marshall from using the NAACP "Inc Fund" to provide legal assistance for participants in defiant student sit-in protests. Marshall's personal complexities are reflected in his periodic consultations with J. Edgar Hoover's FBI, and the suspicions and concerns those meetings raised. Ball parallels Marshall's personal life with the Supreme Court cases he judged, providing operational context, both on and off the bench, for Marshall's quest for racial and civil justice. This book in an invaluable read for those interested in U.S. social and legal history; see Juan Williams' Thurgood Marshall: American Revolutionary for emphasis on Marshall's personal history. ((Reviewed December 1, 1998)) Copyright 2000 Booklist Reviews

Table of Contents

Chronology of "A Life Well Lived" xv(2)
Acknowledgments xvii(2)
Foreword xix
Associate Justice William J. Brennan Jr.
1. BORN INTO RACISM AND SEGREGATION IN AMERICA
1(18)
Slavery, Race, and Racism: The Historic Context
1(2)
Hooded Terror and the Civil War Amendments
3(2)
Redirecting Civil Rights: The U.S. Supreme Court Strikes Down Civil Rights Legislation, 1883-1896
5(1)
Plessy v. Ferguson: Legitimizing Jim Crow
5(4)
Race, Sex, and Lynching
9(1)
1903: W.E.B. Du Bois's Souls of Black Folk
10(3)
1908: Growing Up in Baltimore
13(6)
2. THE RISE OF THE NAACP AND CHARLIE HOUSTON'S "SOCIAL ENGINEERS"
19(21)
The Birth of the NAACP
19(4)
The NAACP's First Two Decades, 1910-1930
23(5)
Early Litigation Efforts, 1915-1936
28(1)
Charlie Houston's "Social Engineers"
29(4)
The Scottsboro Incident, 1931
33(2)
The Margold Report
35(2)
The Du Bois Crisis, 1934
37(3)
3. MARSHALL JOINS THE NAACP
40(17)
"No Good Turkey"
41(4)
Thurgood Marshall, Esq.: Joining the NAACP's National Office, 1936
45(5)
The NAACP's 1936 Public Education Initiative: Beginning the Attack on Plessy v. Ferguson
50(3)
Marshall's Colleagues in the NAACP
53(4)
4. "THURGOOD'S COMING": MR. CIVIL RIGHTS
57(38)
Creating the "Inc Fund," October 1939
58(3)
Adding Staff to the NAACP's Legal Office
61(2)
The Inc Fund's Legal Strategies, Rules, and Policies
63(2)
Marshall, the Communist Party, and the FBI
65(2)
Be Cool, Stay Cool
67(2)
Mr. Civil Rights: "Thurgood's Coming"
69(3)
The Inc Fund's Educational Equity Lawsuits
72(5)
Voting and Voter Registration Litigation
77(3)
The Criminal Justice Cases
80(2)
Segregated Transportation and Travel Cases
82(1)
Residential Discrimination and Restrictive Covenants Litigation
83(2)
The Politics of Race During the Roosevelt and Truman Administrations
85(7)
The "New Deal" and African Americans
86(2)
The World War II Race Riots
88(2)
The Vital Change: Harry S Truman
90(2)
The Assault on Public School Segregation and the Plessy Doctrine
92(3)
5. SEGREGATION IN THE MILITARY: A SPECIAL HUMILIATION
95(19)
Military Segregation in World War I
97(1)
Segregation in the Armed Services in World War II
98(2)
World War II "Soldier Troubles"
100(6)
From War's End to the Korean War
106(4)
The Korean War
110(4)
6. THE PUBLIC EDUCATION BATTLES BEGIN: BROWN V. BOARD
114(34)
Marshall's NAACP Strategy Implemented: The Public School Segregation Cases
116(3)
The U.S. Supreme Court Hears the School Segregation Cases
119(8)
Going Back to the Court
127(5)
The Supreme Court Overturns Plessy
132(3)
The Brown Implementation Decree
135(5)
Massive Resistance: The White Deep South's Response to Brown
140(8)
7. THE SEGREGATION BATTLES CONTINUE AND THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT EMERGES
148(27)
The "New Wave" in Civil Rights
150(2)
The Alternatives to the NAACP: SCLC and SNCC
152(5)
The Little Rock Crisis
157(6)
The U.S. Supreme Court Reaffirms Brown: The Cooper v. Aaron Decision
163(3)
Eisenhower's Civil Rights View: "Make Haste Slowly"
166(5)
Ike's Ambivalent Support of the 1957 Civil Rights Act
171(2)
Marshall Leaves the NAACP
173(2)
8. A NEW LIFE: THURGOOD MARSHALL, GOVERNMENT SERVANT
175(25)
The "New Frontier" and Civil Rights
175(5)
Marshall's Appointment to the U.S. Court of Appeals, 1961
180(5)
Lyndon Johnson and Civil Rights
185(3)
Marshall's Appointment as U.S. Solicitor General, 1965
188(2)
Thurgood Marshall, "General"
190(2)
Marshall's Appointment to the U.S. Supreme Court, 1967
192(8)
9. MR. JUSTICE MARSHALL
200(21)
The Outsider on the Court
201(7)
Friends, Colleagues, and Antagonists
208(7)
"My Knuckleheads": Justice Marshall and His Law Clerks
215(1)
Thurgood Marshall's Jurisprudence
216(5)
10. THE MEANING OF EQUALITY IN THE FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT
221(34)
Equal-Protection Litigation
221(5)
Equality of Educational Opportunity After Brown
226(12)
1970: Busing to End Segregated Schools (Swann)
227(4)
1973: The Question of De Facto School Segregation (Keyes)
231(2)
1974: Court Unanimity Disintegrates over the Question of Interdistrict Busing (Milliken)
233(3)
After Milliken: A Court Divided on How to Achieve School Desegregation
236(2)
Racially Discriminatory State Action
238(2)
Private Acts of Racial Discrimination and "State Action"
240(4)
Ending Nonracial Class and Caste Discrimination in America
244(8)
Gender-Based Discriminations
244(3)
Wealth, Poverty, Illegitimacy
247(2)
Resident and Illegal Aliens
249(2)
Age and Mental Retardation Discrimination
251(1)
Marshall's Concept of Genuine Equality
252(3)
11. BAKKE AND THE AFFIRMATIVE ACTION BATTLES: "THEY JUST DON'T GET IT!"
255(28)
1964: Affirmative Action's Beginnings
256(2)
The Bakke Case: Defining Affirmative Action
258(12)
The Constitutionality of Court-Ordered Affirmative Action Programs
270(3)
Are "Voluntary" Affirmative Action Plans Constitutional?
273(3)
Government Contracting and Licensing and Affirmative Action Goals
276(4)
The Affirmative Action Battles
280(3)
12. PROCEDURAL FAIRNESS AND SUBSTANTIVE JUSTICE: REALITIES AND MYTHS
283(30)
The Hugo, Oklahoma, Criminal Justice Horror: Lyons
284(2)
Marshall versus Rehnquist: The Uneven Battles
286(1)
Protection Against "Unreasonable" Searches and Seizures
287(9)
The Fifith Amendment and the Specter of Coerced Confessions
296(4)
The Right to Counsel and Other Sixth Amendment Protections
300(3)
Marshall's Views About the Death Penalty
303(8)
Marshall's Criminal Justice Jurisprudence
311(2)
13. MARSHALL AND FIRST AMENDMENT FREEDOMS
313(42)
The First Amendment: An Absolute Set of Freedoms?
314(2)
Freedom of Speech and Expression
316(26)
Protected Speech
317(2)
Unprotected Speech
319(3)
Peaceful Assembly and Association Rights
322(6)
The Predicament of the "Speech Plus Conduct" Cases
328(5)
Freedom of the Press and Clashes with Fair Trial Guarantees
333(6)
Freedom of the Press versus the Right to a Fair Trial
339(3)
The "No Establishment of Religion" and "Free Exercise" Clauses
342(11)
The "No Establishment of Religion" Clause
344(5)
The "Free Exercise of Religion" Clause
349(4)
Marshall and the First Amendment Freedoms
353(2)
14. THE CONSTITUTION AS EVOLVING GUARANTOR OF NEW RIGHTS
355(22)
The Right to Privacy
356(6)
Abortion as a Woman's Personal--and Private--Choice
362(15)
Roe's Antecedents
363(1)
Roe v. Wade
364(5)
Roe's Progeny: The Woes of Roe
369(8)
15. JUSTICE MARSHALL: ALWAYS THE OUTSIDER, ALWAYS DEFIANT
377(12)
Marshall for the Defense
382(5)
Marshall's Epitaph
387(2)
Research Notes 389(18)
Bibliography 407(8)
Case Index 415(4)
General Index 419

Librarian's View
Displaying 1 of 1